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1.
Perspect. nutr. hum ; 20(2): 205-214, jul.-dic. 2018. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1002759

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: los diagnósticos de comienzos del siglo XX daban cuenta del deterioro de las condiciones materiales de vida de la población, en particular la más pobre. Uno de los aspectos más importantes era el problema del acceso a la alimentación. El objetivo de esta reflexión fue analizar los resultados de una encuesta nutricional aplicada a los jornaleros de la Municipalidad de Santiago en 1936. Reflexión: la encuesta de la Municipalidad de Santiago de Chile ofrece información relevante sobre consumo de calorías, talla y peso. Esta encuesta permite discutir los alcances que tuvo la encuesta como técnica de investigación durante los años 1930 y 1940, y las razones de por qué se impuso frente a otros métodos como el uso de las cuentas nacionales. Conclusión: la encuesta aplicada a los trabajadores de la Municipalidad de Santiago muestra sus condiciones privilegiadas en cuanto a ingreso, consumo e Índice de Masa Corporal.


Abstract Introduction: Diagnoses in the beginning of the 20th Century showed the deterioration of material conditions of life in the general population, especially the poorest. One of the most important aspects was the problem of access to adequate food and diet. The objective of this reflection is to analyze the results of a nutrition survey applied in 1936 to the workers of the Department of Cleanliness of the Municipality of Santiago de Chile. Reflection: The survey of the Municipality of Santiago de Chile provides important information on calorie consumption, height and weight. This survey allows for discussion of the scope of the survey as a research technique during the 1930s and 1940s, and the reasons why it was imposed against other methods such as the use of national surveillance systems. Conclusion: The survey applied to the workers of the Municipality of Santiago shows their privileged conditions in regards to income, dietary intake, and Body Mass Index.


Subject(s)
Ambient Intelligence
2.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 45(2): 163-168, 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-959475

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN El objetivo fue reconstruir la creación del primer curso de dietistas creado en Chile en 1939 y que a comienzos de la década de 1940 se transformó en escuela. Para ello se busca dar a conocer los dos modelos de formación de dietistas existentes en el periodo, señalando las razones de la contratación del húngaro Esteban Kémeny. Además, se ofrecen los diagnósticos críticos que se hicieron durante los años 1930 sobre la alimentación hospitalaria y la necesidad de capacitar al personal en la técnica dietética. El artículo muestra la fuerte vinculación existente entre la urgencia de reformar la cocina hospitalaria y la oferta académica del curso, el cual buscaba capacitar a las enfermeras y otras profesiones femeninas, las que se entendían como auxiliares del médico, sin autonomía profesional.


ABSTRACT The aim was to reconstruct the creation of the first course for dietitians created in Chile in 1939, which in the early 1940s became a school. Two models of training of dietitians in the period are presented, which indicate the reasons for the recruitment of the Hungarian, Esteban Kémeny. In addition, critical suggestions on hospital feeding and the need to train staff in the dietary technique were offered during the 1930s. The article shows the strong link between the urgency to reform the hospital kitchen and the academic offering of the course, which sought to train nurses and other female professionals, which were understood as auxiliaries of the physician, without professional autonomy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Courses , Nutritional Sciences , Nutritionists , Food Service, Hospital
3.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 145(8): 1060-1066, ago. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-902585

ABSTRACT

The aim of this manuscript is to highlight the contribution of the first two generations of physicians who faced malnutrition in Chile, between the end of nineteenth century and the first decades of the twentieth century. In the history of Chilean medicine, there is a paucity of research about the role of these physicians in the fight against malnutrition. The main interest was centered in the forties of the twentieth century and the first policies and actions for the working class feeding have been overlooked. The existence of two pioneering groups that have common elements and differences to face the problem of under nutrition is established.


Subject(s)
Humans , History, 18th Century , History, 19th Century , Biomedical Research/history , Malnutrition/history , Socioeconomic Factors , Energy Intake , Chile , Nutrition Policy/history , Malnutrition/prevention & control
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